Services and TCP ports

IP

Internet Protocol (IP) is the primary part of the Network Layer of the OSI Model that is responsible for routing traffic across network boundaries. It is the protocol that is responsible for addressing. IPv4 is probable the version that most people are familiar with and it has been around since 1974. IPv6 is its current successor and due to a shortage of available IPv4 addresses compared to the explosive increase in the number of devices that use IP addresses, IPv6 is rapidly increasing in use.

When IP is chosen as the protocol type the available option to further specify the protocol is the protocol number. This is used to narrow down which protocol within the Internet Protocol Suite and provide a more granular control.

 

Protocol Number

IP is responsible for more than the address that it is most commonly associated with and there are a number of associated protocols that make up the Network Layer. While there are not 256 of them, the field that identifies them is a numeric value between 0 and 256.

In the Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) [RFC791] there is a field called “Protocol” to identify the next level protocol. This is an 8 bit field. In Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) [RFC2460], this field is called the “Next Header” field.

 

Protocol Numbers

 

# Protocol Protocols Full Name
 

0

 

HOPOPT

 

IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Option

 

1

 

ICMP

 

Internet Control Message Protocol

 

2

 

IGMP

 

Internet Group Management

 

3

 

GGP

 

Gateway-to-Gateway

 

4

 

IPv4

 

IPv4 encapsulation Protocol

 

5

 

ST

 

Stream

 

6

 

TCP

 

Transmission Control Protocol

 

7

 

CBT

 

CBT

 

8

 

EGP

 

Exterior Gateway Protocol

 

9

 

IGP

 

Any private interior gateway (used by Cisco for their IGRP)

 

10

 

BBN-RCC-MON

 

BBN RCC Monitoring

 

11

 

NVP-II

 

Network Voice Protocol

 

12

 

PUP

 

PUP

 

13

 

ARGUS

 

ARGUS

 

14

 

EMCON

 

EMCON

 

15

 

XNET

 

Cross Net Debugger

 

16

 

CHAOS

 

Chaos

 

17

 

UDP

 

User Datagram Protocol

 

18

 

MUX

 

Multiplexing

 

19

 

DCN-MEAS

 

DCN Measurement Subsystems

 

20

 

HMP

 

Host Monitoring

 

21

 

PRM

 

Packet Radio Measurement

 

22

 

XNS-IDP

 

XEROX NS IDP

 

23

 

TRUNK-1

 

Trunk-1

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